[Necrotic acute pancreatitis in the intensive care unit: a comparison between conservative and surgical medical treatment]. / Pancreatitis Aguda Necrótica en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos: Una Comparación entre el Tratamiento Médico Conservador y Quirúrgico.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognosis of patients with necrotic acute pancreatitis receiving medical and surgical treatments. SUMMARY: The severe acute pancreatitis treatment is multidisciplinary and requires a daily evaluation of the patient that will allow to observe changes and apply therapy in due time. The treatment includes: Admission in the ICU, fluids, nutrition and antibiotics, as well as other life supports for high-risk patients. Thus, patients undergo conservative treatment or, if it is necessary, surgery. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with necrotic acute pancreatitis admitted to the ICU between January 2004 and August 2006. The patients with necrotic acute pancreatitis without signs of sepsis underwent a conservative medical treatment, while fine needle punction-aspiration was performed in all patients who were suffering from necrotic acute pancreatitis and persistent sepsis four weeks after their admission and after discarding and eradicating every non-pancreatic focus of infection. All Gram stain or culture positive patients underwent surgery immediately. RESULTS: Seventy patients with necrotic acute pancreatitis were included in the study. Thirty-six patients (51%) suffered acute pancreatitis with sterile necrosis and underwent a conservative treatment, while 34 patients (49%) developed acute pancreatic with infected necrosis and underwent surgery. The average age was 55.19 vs. 57.65 (p=0.57). The average amylase was 1421.74 vs. 1402.45. (p=0.96). The tomography severity index was 8.47 vs. 8.79 (p=0.36). The Apache II was 8.22 vs. 9 (p=0.46). The average number of failed organs was 0.39 vs. 0.68. (p=0.19). The ICU stay was 10.75 vs. 26.5 days (p<0.05) while the total hospital stay was 46.47 vs. 57.26 days (p<0.05). The mortality rate was (3/36) 8.3% vs. (9/34) 26.5% (p<0.05) for conservative medical treatment vs. surgical treatment, respectively. Between the first and the twelfth month the evaluated patients who attended consultation, after discharge, showed: pancreatic pseudocyst 9/36 (25%) vs. 8/34(23.5%); recurring abdominal pain 3/36 (8.3%) vs. 4/34 (11.8%); and relapsing acute pancreatitis 3/36 (8.3%) vs. 2/34 (5.8%); while 4/36 (11.1%) vs. 3/34 (8.8%) did not show any problem. There were not significant differences between the conservative and the surgical medical treatment, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Patients suffering acute pancreatitis with sterile necrosis can undergo conservative medical treatment which will result in a lower mortality rate, while the hospital stay, in comparison with acute pancreatitis with infected necrosis, will not be affected.

Pancreatitis aguda necrótica en la unidad de cuidados intensivos: Una comparación entre el tratamiento médico conservador y quirúrgico / Necrotic acute pancreatitis in the intensive care unit: A comparison between conservative and surgical medical treatment

OBJETIVO: Determinar el pronostico del tratamiento medico y quirúrgico de pacientes con pancreatitis aguda necrótica. INTRODUCCION: El tratamiento de pancreatitis aguda severa es multidisciplinario y requiere la evaluación de los pacientes día a día, esto permite observar los cambios y dar terapia oportuna. El tratamiento incluye: admisión en UCI, fluidos, nutrición y antibióticos, así como otros soportes de vida para paciente critico. Con esto, los pacientes pueden ser tratados conservadoramente o si fuese necesario, con intervención quirúrgica. METODOS: Un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con pancreatitis aguda necrótica, que ingresaron a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, entre enero del 2004 a agosto del 2006. Los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda necrótica sin signos de sepsis fueron sometidos a tratamiento medico conservador. Se realizó una punción aspiración con aguja fina, a partir de la cuarta semana, a los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda necrótica y sepsis persistente. Previamente se descartó y erradicó todos los focos infecciosos no pancreáticos. Todos los pacientes con coloración Gram. ó cultivo positivo fueron sometidos a cirugía de inmediato. RESULTADOS: Setenta pacientes con pancreatitis aguda necrótica fueron incluidos, de los cuales 36 (51%) tuvieron pancreatitis aguda necrótica estéril con tratamiento medico conservador y 34 (49%) tuvieron pancreatitis aguda necrótica infectada con tratamiento quirúrgico. El promedio de edad fue 55.19 vs. 57.65 (p=0.57). El promedio de amilasas 1421.74 vs. 1402.45. (p=0.96). El índice de severidad tomográfica fue 8.47 vs. 8.79 (p=0.36). Apache II fue 8.22 vs. 9 (p=0.46). El promedio de órganos fallados 0.39 vs. 0.68. (p=0.19). La estancia en UCI fue de 10.75 vs. 26.5 días (p < 0.05). La estancia hospitalaria total fue 46.47 vs. 57.26 días (p < 0.05). La mortalidad (3/36) 8.3% vs. (9/34) 26.5% (p < 0.05) para el tratamiento medico...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognosis of patients with necrotic acute pancreatitis receiving medical and surgical treatments. SUMMARY: The severe acute pancreatitis treatment is multidisciplinary and requires a daily evaluation of the patient that will allow to observe changes and apply therapy indue time. The treatment includes: Admission in the ICU, fluids, nutrition and antibiotics, as well as other life supports for high-risk patients. Thus, patients undergo conservative treatment or, if it is necessary, surgery. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with necrotic acute pancreatitis admitted to the ICU between January 2004 and August 2006. The patients with necrotic acute pancreatitis without signs of sepsis underwent a conservative medical treatment, while fine needle punction-aspiration was performed in all patients who were suffering from necrotic acute pancreatitis and persistent sepsis four weeks after their admission and after discarding and eradicating every non-pancreatic focus of infection. All Gram stain or culture positive patients underwent surgery immediately. RESULTS: Seventy patients with necrotic acute pancreatitis were included in the study. Thirty-six patients (51%) suffered acute pancreatitis with sterile necrosis and underwent a conservative treatment, while 34 patients (49%) developed acute pancreatic with infectednecrosis and underwent surgery. The average age was 55.19 vs. 57.65 (p=0.57). The average amylase was 1421.74 vs. 1402.45. (p=0.96). The tomography severity index was 8.47 vs. 8.79 (p=0.36). The Apache II was 8.22 vs. 9 (p=0.46). The average number of failed organs was 0.39 vs. 0.68. (p=0.19). The ICU stay was 10.75 vs. 26.5 days (p < 0.05) while the total hospital stay was 46.47 vs. 57.26 days (p < 0.05). The mortality rate was (3/36) 8.3% vs. (9/34) 26.5% (p < 0.05) for conservative medical treatment vs. surgical treatment, respectively...